The whole thing makes no sense. The comments on the bridge don't exactly paint the RN in a positive light, and they're by their own admission inside the twelve mile line regardless of whose waters they are...
It's an internationally recognised shipping lane. Lots of international treaties and legal precedents cover the free movement of shipping. It's similar to if you own a house which has a public right of way across the land. You cannot legally prevent anyone using the right of way. Sure they knew the Russians wouldn't like it, but so what?
What do you suppose would happen if the UK decided to deny passage of Russian shipping through the Dover straights or Gibraltar straights?
I think I saw my first SU-24 in (East) Germany in about 1990. The SU-24's are a minimal threat to a Type 45 - in-fact they were probably just providing valuable training targets to the crew in the battle room. Keep all your systems turned off so they can't learn much and then soak up as much intel on the Russians as possible.
You can probably expect much the same reaction from the Chinese later this year when the full CTF (not just one of the Destroyers) enters the South China Sea And we start flying F-35's over the artificial islands they've built out there.