They are a complete pig... I encounter them frequently when doing fuel drains
2 options really... Firstly (for both) ensure the filter is full of diesel now and not been over tightened (they shouldn't actually be very tight, they (normally) kind of click on and that's it). Then leave the ignition on for about 5 mins, a few times.
Option 1: put a pump on the return line and draw fuel through while cranking the engine. Do this until it starts and then wait for all air to come out before switching off and reconnecting pipes. This probably won't be an easy option for DIY as few people have a powerful enough pump!
Option 2: tow start it! You'll need to tow it for (probably) a couple of miles at around 20mph with periodically trying to "bump" it in 3rd or even 4th gear. It will go eventually
Where is the van? I might be able to get someone to help, although he may well want to charge for his time.