The biggest problem in banking is that there are too few banks and too little competition and they therefore have too big a grip on a countries / societies well being, charge too much and provide too little with poor service (like all monopolies) they are too big to fail, so they have lost the moral hazard that if you run a business badly then the investors either have too bail it out, it is taken over by another business or it goes bust.
The banking crisis is to a large extent a failure of regulation and political meddling. The US sub-prime crisis was caused by Clinton making the banks provide mortgages to poor people with no collateral. This was then made worse by the bankers in many cases committing fraud, by putting the mortgages into packages and selling them to other financial institutions at their own false valuations. How many banks / bankers in the US have been prosecuted for this, NONE, as there is no political will to enforce the law. Why, because when a group of politicians and bankers get together they all have brown noses.
This is good read on bank reform with some very good points, like investment banks should be partnerships, so the moral hazard starts and end with the people running them. If they make money you get a bonus, if they don't then it is cheque book out time.
http://www.mindfulmoney.co.uk/wp/shaun-richards/a-plan-for-reforming-the-uk-economy-start-with-the-banks-right-now/Unfortunately, banks are a vital part of modern society, their excesses aren't acceptable and they should be heavily regulated to prevent them. Many of the services they do provide are necessary for an economy too function, this includes the Futures Market, which I often see people saying they should be banned. If anybody wants an explanation on how they work and why they are vital for many industries then I'm happy to provide this.
Cem - Nobody would pick capitalism or democracy as a system, until they look at the alternatives - Winston Churchill. All command driven economies have failed and will always fail. Capitalism works on a bottom up approach created by demand for products and services and anybody / everybody is free to join in by running their own business. Command economies, socialism / communism rely on a top down approach where committees have to be all seeing in deciding on investment and production targets, which they can't foresee so get it wrong, and as it is a closed system you are either a worker on a fixed wage or on a committee (with privileges) by being a member of the political ruling party.
Nationalised industries don't work as they are run at the will (and whim) of politicians and are monopolies, not on commercial grounds. Most countries have Monopoly Commissions to a stop company or a small number of companies taking over or wiping out all competition, so they become monopolies. But if a Government runs something, then it is considered good to be a monopoly NHS, Education, provision of local services etc. Can somebody please explain this?