Consider the basics of how DSL works.
26.000 kHz to 137.825 kHz is used for upstream communication, while 138 kHz – 1104 kHz (thats the ITU standard, some operators extend the upper end to get higher speeds - Not in the Uk though!). These bands are then split into smaller channels called Bins (about 8K each) and each bin is monitored for quality and the router then utilises them as best fits the data.
And hence why its KEY to disconnect all extensions that could be causing any interference which may block some of the channels.
Clearly the higher the frequency the Bin sits at, the greater cable attenuation plays a part (greater C, R and L) and hence the speed limits.
Remember also that router reported link rate (which is actualy maximum possible bits per bin) will be higher than the achievable data rate due to the protocol overheads of the PPPoX.
ADSL2 improves things by utilising data compression.
ADSL2+ extends the upper frequency to 2.2M
Anyway, theory lesson over!